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150 Science Trivia Questions and Answers

Reviewed by Aleesha Rubinstein, Editor·Updated Oct 2026·19 min read

150 science trivia questions and answers covering the human body, chemistry, physics, earth science, space, plants and animals, and the inventors who changed everything, from easy to hard.

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  1. 1What is the largest organ of the human body?

  2. 2How many bones are in the typical adult human body?

  3. 3What is the longest and strongest bone in the human body?

  4. 4What is the smallest bone in the human body, found in the middle ear?

  5. 5How many chambers does the human heart have?

  6. 6Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?

  7. 7Which blood cells carry oxygen around the body?

  8. 8What is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen?

  9. 9Which blood type is known as the universal donor for red blood cells?

  10. 10What is the hardest substance in the human body?

  11. 11What is the largest internal organ in the human body?

  12. 12Which organ produces insulin?

  13. 13Which colored part of the eye controls how much light enters through the pupil?

  14. 14What is the medical name for the windpipe?

  15. 15What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen passes into the blood called?

  16. 16Which part of the brain coordinates balance and smooth movement?

  17. 17Human skin makes which vitamin when exposed to sunlight?

  18. 18Which gland at the base of the brain is often called the 'master gland'?

  19. 19Hitting your 'funny bone' actually means bumping which nerve?

  20. 20What does DNA stand for?

  21. 21How many chromosomes do most human body cells contain?

  22. 22What is the scientific study of how living organisms and their parts function?

  23. 23What is the chemical symbol for gold?

  24. 24What is the chemical formula for table salt (sodium chloride)?

  25. 25What is the chemical symbol for silver?

  26. 26What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

  27. 27Which element has the chemical symbol W?

  28. 28What is the smallest unit of an element that still keeps that element's chemical properties?

  29. 29What is the positively charged center of an atom called?

  30. 30Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

  31. 31Which subatomic particle has no electric charge?

  32. 32What do we call the link between atoms that holds them together in a molecule?

  33. 33Which Russian chemist published the first widely recognized periodic table in 1869?

  34. 34Which element is the most abundant in the universe?

  35. 35Which lighter-than-air noble gas is used to make party balloons float?

  36. 36Which noble gas produces the classic red-orange glow of a lit sign?

  37. 37Diamonds and graphite are both made of which element?

  38. 38What is the only nonmetal element that is liquid at room temperature?

  39. 39Which soft, silvery metal melts at about 86°F (30°C), low enough to melt in your hand?

  40. 40A pH of 7 means a solution is what?

  41. 41What is the chemical name for baking soda?

  42. 42Which gas, used by dentists, is commonly called 'laughing gas'?

  43. 43Roughly how many particles are in one mole of a substance (Avogadro's number)?

  44. 44What is it called when a liquid turns into a gas below its boiling point?

  45. 45What is it called when a solid turns directly into a gas, like dry ice?

  46. 46What is it called when a gas turns directly into a solid, as when frost forms?

  47. 47What is the SI unit of force?

  48. 48What is the SI unit of energy?

  49. 49What is the SI unit of power, often seen on light bulbs?

  50. 50What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?

  51. 51What is the SI unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second?

  52. 52What is the SI unit of electric charge?

  53. 53What is the SI base unit of temperature?

  54. 54What unit is used to measure the loudness of a sound?

  55. 55What force pulls objects toward the center of the Earth?

  56. 56What force resists motion between two surfaces that are touching?

  57. 57Newton's first law of motion is also known as the law of what?

  58. 58In Einstein's equation E = mc², what does 'c' stand for?

  59. 59Light travels at roughly how many miles per second in a vacuum?

  60. 60What is the bending of light as it passes from one material into another called?

  61. 61When white light passes through a prism and spreads into a rainbow of colors, what is that effect called?

  62. 62Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?

  63. 63Sound cannot travel through which of these?

  64. 64Absolute zero is equal to what temperature in degrees Celsius?

  65. 65Which branch of physics studies light and how it behaves?

  66. 66Which branch of physics deals with heat, work and energy?

  67. 67Which branch of physics describes the behavior of matter at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles?

  68. 68What is the study of materials at extremely low temperatures called?

  69. 69Which gas makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere?

  70. 70What is the most abundant element in Earth's crust by mass?

  71. 71What is the outermost solid layer of the Earth called?

  72. 72Earth's core is made mostly of which metal?

  73. 73In which layer of the atmosphere does almost all weather happen?

  74. 74In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer found?

  75. 75Which layer of the atmosphere lies directly above the stratosphere?

  76. 76Which layer of the atmosphere lies directly above the mesosphere?

  77. 77What is the scientific study of weather and the atmosphere called?

  78. 78What is the study of earthquakes called?

  79. 79What is the study of fossils called?

  80. 80Which type of rock forms when magma or lava cools and hardens?

  81. 81Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms from which rock?

  82. 82Which mineral ranks 10, the hardest, on the Mohs scale?

  83. 83Which mineral ranks 1, the softest, on the Mohs scale?

  84. 84What was the name of the supercontinent that began breaking apart about 200 million years ago?

  85. 85The 'Ring of Fire,' a horseshoe of volcanoes and earthquakes, rims which ocean?

  86. 86What is the point on Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake starts called?

  87. 87Which scale is used to rate the strength of US tornadoes from damage?

  88. 88Which scale rates hurricanes from Category 1 to Category 5?

  89. 89What is the deepest known point in Earth's oceans?

  90. 90Measured from its base on the ocean floor, which mountain is the tallest on Earth?

  91. 91In the water cycle, what is it called when water vapor cools and forms droplets or clouds?

  92. 92In a cave, which mineral formations hang down from the ceiling?

  93. 93Which instrument measures wind speed?

  94. 94Which planet is closest to the Sun?

  95. 95What is the largest planet in our solar system?

  96. 96Which planet is the hottest in our solar system?

  97. 97Which planet is famous for its bright, wide ring system?

  98. 98Which planet spins on its side, with an axis tilted about 98 degrees?

  99. 99In what year did the International Astronomical Union reclassify Pluto as a dwarf planet?

  100. 100Which giant shield volcano on Mars is the tallest known volcano in the solar system?

  101. 101The asteroid belt lies between the orbits of which two planets?

  102. 102What is the nearest large spiral galaxy to the Milky Way?

  103. 103Other than the Sun, what is the nearest known star to Earth?

  104. 104Which star is the brightest in Earth's night sky?

  105. 105What is the distance light travels in one year called?

  106. 106Roughly how long does sunlight take to reach Earth?

  107. 107The Sun, a G-type main-sequence star, is popularly classified as what type of star?

  108. 108What is the boundary around a black hole beyond which nothing, not even light, can escape?

  109. 109Halley's Comet returns to the inner solar system roughly how often?

  110. 110In what year did Apollo 11 land the first humans on the Moon?

  111. 111Who was the first person to walk on the Moon?

  112. 112Who became the first human in space in 1961?

  113. 113In 1983, who became the first American woman in space?

  114. 114Which infrared space telescope launched on December 25, 2021?

  115. 115What is the study of the origin and evolution of the universe as a whole called?

  116. 116What process do plants use to turn sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food?

  117. 117What green pigment lets plants absorb sunlight?

  118. 118What do we call the process in which cells break down food to release stored energy?

  119. 119Which part of the cell is known as its 'powerhouse'?

  120. 120What is the process called when plants lose water vapor through their leaves?

  121. 121Which part of a flower's stamen produces pollen?

  122. 122Which tree species grows the tallest in the world?

  123. 123Monarch butterfly caterpillars feed only on which plant?

  124. 124What is the largest animal alive today?

  125. 125What is the fastest land animal?

  126. 126What is the only mammal capable of true, powered flight?

  127. 127How many hearts does an octopus have?

  128. 128A koala's diet is made up almost entirely of which leaves?

  129. 129What are egg-laying mammals, such as the platypus and echidna, called?

  130. 130A shark's skeleton is made of what?

  131. 131What is the study of insects called?

  132. 132What is the study of fungi called?

  133. 133Who was awarded the first US patent for the telephone in 1876?

  134. 134Which brothers made the first successful powered airplane flights in 1903?

  135. 135Which inventor developed the phonograph in 1877?

  136. 136Which inventor patented an AC induction motor in 1888 and has the SI unit of magnetic flux density named after him?

  137. 137Which scientist discovered penicillin in 1928?

  138. 138Who developed the first widely used polio vaccine, introduced in 1955?

  139. 139In 1796, which English physician inoculated a boy with cowpox to protect him against smallpox, laying the foundation of vaccination?

  140. 140Which French scientist developed the heating process used to kill germs in milk?

  141. 141Who published 'On the Origin of Species' in 1859?

  142. 142Which monk's experiments with pea plants laid the foundation of genetics?

  143. 143Which scientist described the three laws of motion and universal gravitation in 1687?

  144. 144Which physicist developed the theories of special and general relativity?

  145. 145Who was the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences?

  146. 146Which two scientists described the double-helix structure of DNA in 1953?

  147. 147In 1543, who published a model placing the Sun, not Earth, at the center of the solar system?

  148. 148In 1831, which English scientist discovered electromagnetic induction?

  149. 149Which Swedish chemist invented dynamite and funded the prizes that bear his name?

  150. 150In 1929, which astronomer published evidence that distant galaxies are moving away from us, and later had a space telescope named after him?

Answer Key

  1. 1. Skin
  2. 2. 206
  3. 3. Femur
  4. 4. Stapes
  5. 5. Four
  6. 6. Arteries
  7. 7. Red blood cells
  8. 8. Hemoglobin
  9. 9. O negative
  10. 10. Tooth enamel
  11. 11. Liver
  12. 12. Pancreas
  13. 13. Iris
  14. 14. Trachea
  15. 15. Alveoli
  16. 16. Cerebellum
  17. 17. Vitamin D
  18. 18. Pituitary gland
  19. 19. Ulnar nerve
  20. 20. Deoxyribonucleic acid
  21. 21. 46
  22. 22. Physiology
  23. 23. Au
  24. 24. NaCl
  25. 25. Ag
  26. 26. K
  27. 27. Tungsten
  28. 28. Atom
  29. 29. Nucleus
  30. 30. Electron
  31. 31. Neutron
  32. 32. Chemical bond
  33. 33. Dmitri Mendeleev
  34. 34. Hydrogen
  35. 35. Helium
  36. 36. Neon
  37. 37. Carbon
  38. 38. Bromine
  39. 39. Gallium
  40. 40. Neutral
  41. 41. Sodium bicarbonate
  42. 42. Nitrous oxide
  43. 43. 6.022 × 10^23
  44. 44. Evaporation
  45. 45. Sublimation
  46. 46. Deposition
  47. 47. Newton
  48. 48. Joule
  49. 49. Watt
  50. 50. Ohm
  51. 51. Hertz
  52. 52. Coulomb
  53. 53. Kelvin
  54. 54. Decibel
  55. 55. Gravity
  56. 56. Friction
  57. 57. Inertia
  58. 58. The speed of light
  59. 59. About 186,000
  60. 60. Refraction
  61. 61. Dispersion
  62. 62. Red
  63. 63. A vacuum
  64. 64. -273.15°C
  65. 65. Optics
  66. 66. Thermodynamics
  67. 67. Quantum mechanics
  68. 68. Cryogenics
  69. 69. Nitrogen
  70. 70. Oxygen
  71. 71. Crust
  72. 72. Iron
  73. 73. Troposphere
  74. 74. Stratosphere
  75. 75. Mesosphere
  76. 76. Thermosphere
  77. 77. Meteorology
  78. 78. Seismology
  79. 79. Paleontology
  80. 80. Igneous
  81. 81. Limestone
  82. 82. Diamond
  83. 83. Talc
  84. 84. Pangaea
  85. 85. Pacific
  86. 86. Epicenter
  87. 87. Enhanced Fujita scale
  88. 88. Saffir-Simpson scale
  89. 89. Challenger Deep
  90. 90. Mauna Kea
  91. 91. Condensation
  92. 92. Stalactites
  93. 93. Anemometer
  94. 94. Mercury
  95. 95. Jupiter
  96. 96. Venus
  97. 97. Saturn
  98. 98. Uranus
  99. 99. 2006
  100. 100. Olympus Mons
  101. 101. Mars and Jupiter
  102. 102. Andromeda Galaxy
  103. 103. Proxima Centauri
  104. 104. Sirius
  105. 105. Light-year
  106. 106. About 8 minutes
  107. 107. Yellow dwarf
  108. 108. Event horizon
  109. 109. About every 76 years
  110. 110. 1969
  111. 111. Neil Armstrong
  112. 112. Yuri Gagarin
  113. 113. Sally Ride
  114. 114. James Webb Space Telescope
  115. 115. Cosmology
  116. 116. Photosynthesis
  117. 117. Chlorophyll
  118. 118. Cellular respiration
  119. 119. Mitochondria
  120. 120. Transpiration
  121. 121. Anther
  122. 122. Coast redwood
  123. 123. Milkweed
  124. 124. Blue whale
  125. 125. Cheetah
  126. 126. Bat
  127. 127. Three
  128. 128. Eucalyptus
  129. 129. Monotremes
  130. 130. Cartilage
  131. 131. Entomology
  132. 132. Mycology
  133. 133. Alexander Graham Bell
  134. 134. The Wright brothers
  135. 135. Thomas Edison
  136. 136. Nikola Tesla
  137. 137. Alexander Fleming
  138. 138. Jonas Salk
  139. 139. Edward Jenner
  140. 140. Louis Pasteur
  141. 141. Charles Darwin
  142. 142. Gregor Mendel
  143. 143. Isaac Newton
  144. 144. Albert Einstein
  145. 145. Marie Curie
  146. 146. James Watson and Francis Crick
  147. 147. Nicolaus Copernicus
  148. 148. Michael Faraday
  149. 149. Alfred Nobel
  150. 150. Edwin Hubble

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